Meningitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that affects the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Vaccination is the most effective way to reduce the risk of meningitis, but many people are unsure about the differences between the ACWY and B meningitis vaccines. Although both protect against meningococcal disease, they target different bacterial groups and are recommended in different circumstances.
What the ACWY Vaccine Protects Against
The MenACWY vaccine protects against four types of meningococcal bacteria: A, C, W, and Y. These strains can cause severe meningitis and septicaemia, particularly the W strain, which has been increasing in certain parts of the world.
Who Should Have the ACWY Vaccine?
- Teenagers (usually offered at school)
- Students starting university or living in shared accommodation
- People travelling to high-risk areas, such as parts of Africa
- Pilgrims attending Hajj or Umrah (vaccination is mandatory)
What the MenB Vaccine Protects Against
The MenB vaccine targets meningococcal group B, the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in the UK. It is known to cause severe illness, especially in infants and young children.
Who Should Have the MenB Vaccine?
- Babies and young children (part of the NHS routine childhood immunisation schedule)
- People with certain medical conditions that increase their risk
- Individuals seeking extra protection, including some travellers
